The Helleno-Uralic lexicon is a wordlist of the current etyma, with their Hellenic and Uralic comparanda. Discussion notes are not included here, but they will appear in “Helleno-Uralic Contact in the 1st Millennium BCE”. Proposed etyma may be added or removed as research continues.

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Alphabet: A D E I K L M N O P R S T V Z

A
áge- ‘to ravage, rob’ = H ἄγω > Ma. ага́ш
aikǣ́ ‘time’ = H ἀϊκή (ὁρμή, φορά) > F+S *aika
aísthǣ ‘sense’ = H *αἴσθη ~ αἴσθησις > F *aista ~ aisti
ákrǣ ‘hill’ = H ἄκρα > Ma. арка́
ánkos ‘lowland’ = H ἄγκος > Ma. э́ҥгыш
aphǣ́ ‘grip’ = H ἁφή > *äppä > S *āppē
are- ‘warlike > angry’ = H ἄρειος > F äreä
aríze- ‘to growl’ = H *ἀρίζω ~ ἀρρίζω > F äristä
áros ‘flood meadow, pond’ = H ἄρος > FU *ara(w) > F aro
arvó– ~ harvó– ‘sparse’ = H *ἁρβός ~ ἀρβόν, ἀραιός < F harva
asḗmǣ ‘nonsensical’ = H ἄσημος > Ma. аса́м
áza ~ ázǣ ~ ázos ‘dry land (along a stream)’ = H ἄζα ~ ἄζη ~ ἄζος > FU *aća
áze- ‘to be angry’ = H ἅζω ~ ἅζομαι > Ma. ажа́ш

D
dáke- ‘to sting’ = H δάκω ~ δακέειν ~ δαγκάνω > FU *δ̕ȣkkɜ-
diáge- ‘to cross, pass’ = H διάγω > FU *jakka-
diakhé- ‘to butcher, cut up (meat), divide, separate’ = H διαχέω > U *jaka-
dôma ‘house > bird-cherry tree’ = H δῶμα (ποντικόν) > U *δ’ʌmə

E
elá- ‘to go, travel, visit’ = H ἐλάω, έλα > U *elä-
érga ’embroidery’ = H ἔργα (ἔργον) > Ma. ерга́

I
iugǣ́ ‘noise, sound (of a voice)’ = H ἰυγή => FU *jukta- ; Ma *juk > jük / йӱк
íze- ‘to sit’ = H ἵζω > FMd. *isɜ-

K
kálama ‘fish’ = H κάλαμα < F kala
katékhe- ‘to cover’ = H κατέχω ~ *κάσχε (κάσχετο) > U *kätkə- ~ FMd. *käčke-
keiríǣ ‘swathe > bark, bast’ = H κειρία > FU *keri
khórtos ‘fodder, grass’ = H χόρτος > FV *korttəš (F korte, Ma. кы́ртыш)
kikkós ‘cheat, dice trick’ = H κικκός ~ κίκκασος > F kikka
kíssa ‘type of bird with blue wings’ = H κίσσα > Ma. киса́
kókkos ‘conifer cone, conifer nut, strobilus’ = H κόκκος ~ κόκκαλος > F kukka
koníǣ ~ kónna ‘ash, lye’ = H κονία ~ κόννα > FP *kVnə ~ *konɜ
kormós ‘piece of tree trunk > tree bark’ = H κορμός > FV *kolməš
kourís ‘blade’ ~ koûris ‘spear’ = H κουρίς ~ κοῦρις > Ma. куре́ж ‘fish-spear’
kraté- ‘to endure, hold’ = H κρατέω > FV *kärte-
krymós ‘cold, frost’ = H κρυμός > FP *külmä ~ *külməš
ksodos ‘military expedition > war’ = H ἔξοδος > U *ćoδ́a
ksúlon ‘wooden spoon’ = H ξύλον > U *ćulə ~ *śulɜ
ksunkle- ‘to close, shut’ = H συγκλείω > FMd. *ćulkə- ~ *śulke-
kuklé- ‘to travel (downstream), wander about’ = H κυκλέω > U *kulke-
kytís ‘cupboard’ = H κυτίς (κύτος) > Ma. кыде́ж

L
langé- ‘to push away’ = H λαγγεῖ (λάγκει) > FU *loŋe-
lían ‘excessively’ = H λίαν < F liian ~ *liiγan
logé- ‘to calculate, count (on one’s fingers)’ = H λογέω (λογίζομαι) > U *luke-
lókhos ‘horse (that lies in wait for ambush)’ = H λόχος (λοχᾷ) > Ug. *lox

M
maîa ‘midwife > beaver’ = H μαῖα > FP *maja
mḗlǣ ‘probe > paddle’ = H μήλη > FP *melä
móron ‘ blackberry > cloudberry’ = H μόρον > U *mura
moûsa ‘incantation; spirit’, ‘to incant, invoke’ = H μοῦσα > FU *moša ~ *mušɜ
múskhǣ ~ muskhá ‘bay, bend, corner, creek’ = H μύσχαι ~ μυχά (μυχός) > U *mučka
mûthos ‘conversation, speech, word’ = H μῦθος > Ma. мут

N
nâma ‘foreland’ = H νᾶμα > *nämə > *neeme > F niemi
nomǣ́ ‘pasture > moor’ = H νομή > F nummi
nukheúe- ~ núkhos ‘(to spend the) night’ = H νυχεύω ~ νύχος > F nukkua (*nukku)
nuré- ‘to push’ = H νυρέω > FP *nure-

O
ókhtha ~ ókhthǣ ‘riverbank > land route along a river’ = H ὄχθη > U *uktə ~ *utka
onǣ́ ‘good luck’ = H *ὀνή ~ ὄνησις > F onni
orgás ‘meadow in a forested river valley’ = Η ὀργάς > FU *orka; Ma. орга́ж
ósse- ‘to see’ = H ὄσσομαι > Ma. ужа́ш
oukí ‘no’ = H οὐκί > Ma. уке́
ourǣ́ ‘tail > squirrel’ = H οὐρά (σκίουρος) > U *ora

P
páge- ‘to flee, go away, withdraw’ = H ὑπάγω (πάω) > F paeta
págos ‘frost’ = H πάγος > F+S *pakka ~ *pakkəš
phoítǣ ~ phoíta ‘mad roamer > ermine’ = H φοίτης ~ φοίτα ~ φοιτάς > U *pojta
pholkǣ́ ~ pholki- ‘small towed vessel’ = H ἐφολκή ~ ἐφόλκιον ~ ἐφολκίς > F pulkka
phúlla ‘type of leafy green > turnip’ = H φύλλα ~ φύλλον > Ma. пула́
phullís ‘type of leafy green > cow parsley’ = H φυλλίς > Ma. пуле́ж
phusá- ‘to blow’ = H φυσάω > U *pušɜ-
phúskǣ ‘animal guts’ = H φύσκη > U *pučkɜ
póros ‘bridge, ferry, river passage’ = H πόρος > FU *pora
psalé- ‘to cut’ = H *ψαλέω ~ ψαλίζω > U *ćälä-
psóros ~ psúros ‘?weever > pike’ = H ψόρος > FU *ćurə ~ *śurɜ
psŷksis ‘cooling weather > autumn’ = H ψῦξις (ψῦχος) > FU *ćükći ~ *sükśe
pugǣ́ ‘back, rear (of a blade)’ = H πυγή ~ πυγαῖος > Ug. *pukkɜ

R
raktós ‘ravine’ = H ῥακτός > F rotko
ripíze- ‘to pour, scatter, throw’ = H ῥιπίζω > F ripistä
rothíze- ‘to crack, creak, crunch’ = H ῥοθίζω > F rutista
roumíze- ‘to be rough, tremble’ = H *ῥουμίζω (ῥουμάζεται ‘φρίσσω‘) > F romista
ryphá– ‘to slurp’ = H ῥυφάνω ~ ῥυφέω > F ryypätä

S
sákkos ‘sieve’ = H σάκκος > U *sokta- ~ *sok(k)ə-ta
sargíon ~ sargînos ~ sargós ‘type of schooling fish’ = H σαργίον > FU *särki
siōpǣ́ ~ sōpǣ́ ‘calm, silence’ = H σιωπή ~ σωπή > Ma. шып
skáphǣ ~ skáphos ‘boat, trough’ = H σκάφη ~ σκάφος > FU (P + Ug.) *kappɜ
skuleúe– ~ skúlle- ‘to flay, *pluck, remove’ = H σκυλεύω ~ σκύλλω > FU *kulɜ- ~ *kulɜ-
skúlma ‘(place of) plucked hair on the head’ = H σκύλμα > FU *kuľ́ma
suríze- ‘to buzz, hiss, pipe, whistle’ = H συρίζω > F surista
syrkáze- ‘to smile’ = H συρκάζω ~ σαρκάζει (μειδιᾷ) > Ma. шыргыжа́ш

T
thaimós ‘seedling’ = H θαιμός > *taiməš > F *taimeh > taimi
thallós ‘herbage’ = H θαλλός > S *tāllës
thúella ‘stormwind’ = H θύελλα > *tuwələ > FP *tuulə
toímǣ ~ toímī ~ toîmon ‘activity’ = H ἑτοῖμος ~ ἑτοῖμον (τοιμάζω) > F toimi
tómos ‘piece (of cloth, covering)’ = H τόμος (κιθῶνος ~ χιτών) > Ma. ту́мыш
tsŷkon ‘swelling, wart’ = H σῦκον > FV *ćükə-lä ~ *ćVklä ~ *ćüklä

V
válle- ‘to pour’ = H βάλλω > FMd. *wala-
varkáze- ‘to cry, shout’ = H βαρκάζω ~ βαρκίζω > Ma. варгыжа́ш
vátos ‘blackberry, raspberry’ = H βάτος > F *vat(t)a ~ vattu
vênos ‘boat’ = H βῆνος > WU *wenəš

Z
zôma ‘scale armor; animal skin;? money’ = H ζῶμα > FU *ćʌmə